17 June 2026

Substance Misuse and Homelessness: Understanding the Link and Finding Support

tear drop shape

Substance misuse can affect anyone. But for people facing homelessness, the challenges can be even greater.

Research suggests that 21 per cent of all adults entering drug and alcohol treatment in England had no home of their own; a figure that rises to 41 per cent for people entering treatment for opiate use.

With homelessness and substance misuse often closely linked, understanding this connection is an important step towards challenging stigma and ensuring people can access the support they need.

 

What is substance misuse?

Substance misuse is when alcohol, drugs or other substances are used in a way that causes harm to a person’s health, wellbeing, relationships or daily life.

Substance misuse can involve:

  • Alcohol
  • Prescription medication
  • Illegal drugs
  • New psychoactive substances (sometimes known as “legal highs”)

Every person’s experience is different. Some people may use substances occasionally, while others may become dependent on them. There is no single reason why substance misuse happens and recovery looks different for everyone.

 

The connection between substance misuse and homelessness

Substance misuse and homelessness are often closely linked, but one does not always cause the other.

For some people, substance misuse may contribute to housing difficulties. It can affect relationships, employment, finances and physical or mental health, making it harder to maintain stable accommodation.

For others, substance use may begin or increase after they become homeless. Living without a safe and secure home can be incredibly stressful and traumatic. People may use substances to cope with difficult experiences, poor mental health, physical pain, loneliness or feelings of hopelessness.

Many people experiencing homelessness have faced complex challenges throughout their lives, including:

  • Childhood trauma
  • Domestic abuse
  • Mental health difficulties
  • Poverty and financial hardship
  • Family breakdown
  • Bereavement
  • Social isolation

These experiences can increase the risk of both homelessness and substance misuse.

What you’ve got to realise is that if you’re unfortunate enough to be on the streets, you can’t do it without blanking out from it... Even if it’s not an addiction so to speak, you may drink a bit more than usual to block out where you are. It’s escapism.

Jim Corry, Street Outreach Worker for P3 Charity

Read more about P3 Wolverhampton's Street Outreach Team

Challenging stereotypes and stigma

People who experience homelessness and substance misuse are often unfairly judged.

The reality is far more complex than many stereotypes suggest. Substance misuse is not a sign of weakness or a lack of willpower. It is often connected to trauma, poor mental health, difficult life circumstances or a combination of factors.

Stigma can prevent people from seeking help when they need it most. Fear of judgement may make it harder to talk openly about substance use or access support services.

Everyone deserves to be treated with dignity, respect and compassion.

Substance misuse can affect many areas of a person’s life, including:

Physical health

Substance misuse can increase the risk of serious health conditions, accidents and long-term illness.

Mental health

Alcohol and drugs can affect mood, anxiety levels, sleep and overall mental wellbeing. Mental health difficulties and substance misuse can often influence each other.

Relationships

Substance misuse can place strain on relationships with family, friends and support networks.

Housing stability

Managing a tenancy or maintaining stable housing can become more difficult when someone is struggling with substance misuse, particularly if other challenges are present.

 

How to get support

If you are concerned about your own substance use or worried about someone else, reaching out for help can be an important first step.

Our services offer free and confidential support, where they can help you with your housing situation and signpost you to specialist organisations for substance misuse support.

For more information, or to find support near you, visit:  

The team at Acorn worked alongside me for a long time. They were so patient and so helpful. They noticed I had a drink problem and they introduced me to AA. They knew what I needed before I knew, and that was crucial.

Leigham, person supported by P3 Charity in Gloucestershire

Read Leigham’s Story

How P3 Charity can help

At P3 Charity, we support people facing homelessness, housing difficulties and mental ill-health.

While we do not provide specialist substance misuse treatment ourselves, we understand that substance misuse can be part of a person’s experience when we’re supporting them. Our teams work closely alongside local drug and alcohol services, healthcare providers and other specialist organisations to help people access support that is right for them.

Our focus is on helping people find stability, improve their wellbeing and move towards a brighter future.

 

Support for people experiencing homelessness

If you are experiencing homelessness or are worried about losing your home, help is available.

Visit our services page to find out more about the support available where you live.

We change lives, every day. Your support helps us to ensure that we can.